Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-09-30 22:27:21 UTC
Update Date2020-05-21 16:28:41 UTC
BMDB IDBMDB0000247
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • BMDB00247
Metabolite Identification
Common NameSorbitol
DescriptionSorbitolol, also known as sorbitolol or Sorbitolol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. Sorbitolol is a drug which is used as a non-stimulant laxative via an oral suspension or enema. Sorbitolol exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa) molecule. Sorbitolol exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Sorbitolol participates in a number of enzymatic reactions, within cattle. In particular, D-Galactose and sorbitolol can be converted into melibiitol; which is mediated by the enzyme Alpha-galactosidase a. In addition, Sorbitolol can be converted into Alpha-D-glucose; which is catalyzed by the enzyme aldose reductase. In cattle, sorbitolol is involved in a couple of metabolic pathways, which include the galactose metabolism pathway and the fructose and mannose degradation pathway.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
(-)-SorbitolChEBI
(2R,3R,4R,5S)-Hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexolChEBI
D-(-)-SorbitolChEBI
D-SorbitChEBI
D-SORBITOLChEBI
e 420ChEBI
e-420ChEBI
e420ChEBI
g-OlChEBI
GLC-OlChEBI
L-GulitolChEBI
D-GlucitolKegg
Sorbitol 3% in plastic containerKegg
D-SorbolHMDB
DiakarmonHMDB
EsasorbHMDB
Foodol D 70HMDB
GlucarineHMDB
GlucitolHMDB
KarionHMDB
Karion instantHMDB
Kyowa powder 50mHMDB
MultitolHMDB
NeosorbHMDB
Neosorb 20/60dCHMDB
Neosorb 70/02HMDB
Neosorb 70/70HMDB
Neosorb p 20/60HMDB
Neosorb p 60HMDB
Neosorb p 60WHMDB
NivitinHMDB
ResulaxHMDB
SionitHMDB
Sionit KHMDB
SioniteHMDB
SiononHMDB
SiosanHMDB
Sorbex mHMDB
Sorbex RHMDB
Sorbex RPHMDB
Sorbex SHMDB
Sorbex XHMDB
SorbilandeHMDB
SorbilaxHMDB
SorbitHMDB
Sorbit D 70HMDB
Sorbit D-powderHMDB
Sorbit DPHMDB
Sorbit DP 50HMDB
Sorbit kyowa powder 50mHMDB
Sorbit L 70HMDB
Sorbit SHMDB
Sorbit T 70HMDB
Sorbit W 70HMDB
Sorbit W-powderHMDB
Sorbit W-powder 50HMDB
Sorbit WPHMDB
SorbiteHMDB
Sorbitol FHMDB
Sorbitol FKHMDB
Sorbitol FPHMDB
Sorbitol SHMDB
Sorbitol syrup CHMDB
SorbiturHMDB
SorboHMDB
Sorbogem 712HMDB
SorbolHMDB
SorbostylHMDB
Medefield brand OF sorbitolHMDB
Sorbitol pfizer brandHMDB
YalHMDB
Klysma sorbitHMDB
MedevacHMDB
Trommsdorff brand OF sorbitolHMDB
Baxter brand OF sorbitolHMDB
Pfizer brand OF sorbitolHMDB
Chemical FormulaC6H14O6
Average Molecular Weight182.1718
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight182.07903818
IUPAC Name(2R,3R,4R,5S)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol
Traditional NameD-sorbitol
CAS Registry Number50-70-4
SMILES
OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C6H14O6/c7-1-3(9)5(11)6(12)4(10)2-8/h3-12H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5-,6-/m1/s1
InChI KeyFBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sugar alcohols. These are hydrogenated forms of carbohydrate in which the carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentSugar alcohols
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Sugar alcohol
  • Monosaccharide
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Polyol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
  • Exogenous
BiofunctionNot Available
ApplicationNot Available
Cellular locations
  • Cell membrane
  • Membrane
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point11 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility2750.0 mg/mLNot Available
LogP-2.2SANGSTER (1994)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-2.7ALOGPS
logP-3.7ChemAxon
logS0.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)12.59ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count6ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count6ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area121.38 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity38.4 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability17.12 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-0ldj-0941000000-19d96a9ba7ba0c482c83View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (6 TMS)splash10-014i-1973000000-d907b75f68a7927501a7View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0ldj-0941000000-19d96a9ba7ba0c482c83View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-014i-1973000000-d907b75f68a7927501a7View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0ktb-0931000000-4ffadb4b25e8e2510d93View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-03k9-9500000000-97c5853d3e9b96f9d054View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (6 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0a6s-7141193000-dcd9245e12314ee0ced4View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_6) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_6) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_7) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_8) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_9) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_10) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_11) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-017j-8900000000-700285f86eac0a3501d1View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-066r-9000000000-84676b839b145250d67dView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-052f-9000000000-dce72cab270c488d65daView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , negativesplash10-0ik9-2900000000-26a16e983791be7818f2View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , negativesplash10-0ik9-2900000000-6513771e890cbff9c402View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-ITFT , positivesplash10-014j-0900000000-58e6917626e28d1830a2View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positivesplash10-001i-0900000000-83169b2192f847cc0636View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positivesplash10-03di-0900000000-4cd721d87e359527adf3View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positivesplash10-03di-0900000000-b44f68c64bc74e79e9fcView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positivesplash10-001i-0900000000-bbb5e957a9e67ddc411eView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-772c3052966c05f29842View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positivesplash10-000i-0900000000-d1fbea514e7f1c1628f2View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positivesplash10-0udi-0790000000-b5b098cd5b4b4ec10821View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Linear Ion Trap , positivesplash10-0udi-0690000000-41d4e48d49836c63485cView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Negativesplash10-0002-9200000000-9b9f891e480758a7d333View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-014j-0900000000-6ed9009701977f0a1c00View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-00kb-1900000000-7cc0793661b053aaf61eView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-001i-2900000000-ef92b9091ecf5d15cdeeView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03di-9300000000-47f19bd4e51bff726536View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-03dl-9100000000-60d5147d8e349337fe97View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-07ju-8900000000-36f0fe0f346a6424162aView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0c0c-9200000000-36e85b5ec098a45204c3View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0btc-9000000000-77703ee971336704163fView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0002-3900000000-6801fbed6b67e0df2d20View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03dl-9000000000-4454dcd4b817c183328bView in MoNA
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 125 MHz, H2O, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, D2O, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cell membrane
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Adrenal Medulla
  • Bladder
  • Erythrocyte
  • Eye Lens
  • Fibroblasts
  • Kidney
  • Liver
  • Mammary Gland
  • Neuron
  • Placenta
  • Platelet
  • Prostate Tissue
  • Retina
  • Semen
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
Adipose TissueExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Adrenal MedullaExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
BladderExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
ErythrocyteExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Eye LensExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
FibroblastsExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
KidneyExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
Mammary GlandDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
Mammary GlandDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
NeuronExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
PlacentaExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
PlateletExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Prostate TissueExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
RetinaExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
SemenDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
HMDB IDHMDB0000247
DrugBank IDDB01638
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB011676
KNApSAcK IDC00001173
Chemspider ID5576
KEGG Compound IDC00794
BioCyc IDSORBITOL
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkSorbitol
METLIN IDNot Available
PubChem Compound5780
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17924
References
Synthesis ReferenceLiu, Haichao; Luo, Chen. Method for manufacturing sorbitol and mannitol with cellulose. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (2007), 8pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Enzymes

General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Polyol dehydrogenase that catalyzes the reversible NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of various sugar alcohols. Is mostly active with xylitol, D-sorbitol (D-glucitol) and L-iditol as substrates, leading to the C2-oxidized products D-xylulose, D-fructose and L-sorbose, respectively (PubMed:9143345). Is a key enzyme in the polyol pathway that interconverts glucose and fructose via sorbitol, which constitutes an important alternate route for glucose metabolism. May play a role in sperm motility by using sorbitol as an alternative energy source for sperm motility (By similarity). Cannot use NADP(+) as the electron acceptor. Has no activity on ethanol, methanol, glycerol, galactitol and fructose 6-phosphate (PubMed:9143345).
Gene Name:
SORD
Uniprot ID:
Q58D31
Molecular weight:
38099.0
Reactions
Sorbitol + NAD → D-Fructose + NADHdetails
General function:
Involved in 20-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols. Displays enzymatic activity towards endogenous metabolites such as aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, ketones, monosacharides, bile acids and xenobiotics substrates. Key enzyme in the polyol pathway, catalyzes reduction of glucose to sorbitol during hyperglycemia. Reduces steroids and their derivatives and prostaglandins. Displays low enzymatic activity toward all-trans-retinal, 9-cis-retinal, and 13-cis-retinal. Catalyzes the reduction of diverse phospholipid aldehydes such as 1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn -glycero-3-phosphoethanolamin (POVPC) and related phospholipid aldehydes that are generated from the oxydation of phosphotidylcholine and phosphatdyleethanolamides. Plays a role in detoxifying dietary and lipid-derived unsaturated carbonyls, such as crotonaldehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, trans-2-hexenal, trans-2,4-hexadienal and their glutathione-conjugates carbonyls (GS-carbonyls).
Gene Name:
AKR1B1
Uniprot ID:
P16116
Molecular weight:
35919.0
Reactions
NADP + Sorbitol → NADPH + Alpha-D-Glucosedetails
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Removes terminal alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine residues from glycolipids and glycopeptides. Required for the breakdown of glycolipids (By similarity).
Gene Name:
NAGA
Uniprot ID:
Q58DH9
Molecular weight:
46533.0
Reactions
D-Galactose + Sorbitol → Melibiitoldetails