<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:30:02 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-11 20:20:45 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0000400</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB00400</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>3,7-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholanoic acid</name>
  <description/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(3alpha,5beta,7alpha)-3,7-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholan-24-Oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3alpha,7alpha-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-5beta-cholanate</synonym>
    <synonym>(3a,5b,7a)-3,7-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholan-24-Oate</synonym>
    <synonym>(3a,5b,7a)-3,7-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholan-24-Oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(3alpha,5beta,7alpha)-3,7-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholan-24-Oate</synonym>
    <synonym>(3Α,5β,7α)-3,7-dihydroxy-12-oxocholan-24-Oate</synonym>
    <synonym>(3Α,5β,7α)-3,7-dihydroxy-12-oxocholan-24-Oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-5b-cholanate</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-5b-cholanic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3alpha,7alpha-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-5beta-cholanic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3Α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholanate</synonym>
    <synonym>3Α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholanic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3,7-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(3a,5b,7a)-3,7-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-cholan-24-Oate</synonym>
    <synonym>(3a,5b,7a)-3,7-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-cholan-24-Oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Keto-3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholanate</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Keto-3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholanic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Keto-chenodeoxycholate</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Keto-chenodeoxycholic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Ketochenodeoxycholate</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Ketochenodeoxycholic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>12-oxo-3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholan-24-Oate</synonym>
    <synonym>12-oxo-3a,7a-Dihydroxy-5b-cholan-24-Oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Oxochenodeoxycholate</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Oxochenodeoxycholic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-keto-5b-cholanate</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-keto-5b-cholanic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-ketocholanate</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-ketocholanic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-ketocholate</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-ketocholic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-5b-cholan-24-Oate</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-5b-cholan-24-Oic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-5b-cholanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-oxo-5b-cholanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholate</synonym>
    <synonym>3a,7a-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>5b-Cholanic acid-3a,7a-diol-12-one</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Monoketocholate</synonym>
    <synonym>12-Monoketocholic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>12-oxo-3,7-Dihydroxycholanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3 alpha, 7 alpha-Dihydroxy-12-one-5 beta-cholanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3 alpha,7 alpha-Dihydroxy-12-keto-5 beta-cholanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3alpha,7alpha-Dihydroxy-12-keto-5beta-cholanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Sodium monoketocholate</synonym>
    <synonym>(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,5R,7S,9R,10R,11S,14R,15R)-5,9-Dihydroxy-2,15-dimethyl-16-oxotetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>3,7-Dihydroxy-12-oxocholanoic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C24H38O5</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>406.5555</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>406.271924326</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,5R,7S,9R,10R,11S,14R,15R)-5,9-dihydroxy-2,15-dimethyl-16-oxotetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>12-ketochenodeoxycholic acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>2458-08-4</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>[H][C@@]12CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCC(O)=O)[C@@]1(C)C(=O)C[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])[C@H](O)C[C@]2([H])C[C@H](O)CC[C@]12C</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C24H38O5/c1-13(4-7-21(28)29)16-5-6-17-22-18(12-20(27)24(16,17)3)23(2)9-8-15(25)10-14(23)11-19(22)26/h13-19,22,25-26H,4-12H2,1-3H3,(H,28,29)/t13-,14+,15-,16-,17+,18+,19-,22+,23+,24-/m1/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>MIHNUBCEFJLAGN-DMMBONCOSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dihydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives. Dihydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives are compounds containing or derived from a bile acid or alcohol, and which bears exactly two carboxylic acid groups.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lipids and lipid-like molecules</super_class>
    <class>Steroids and steroid derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Bile acids, alcohols and derivatives</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Dihydroxy bile acids, alcohols and derivatives</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>3-alpha-hydroxysteroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>7-hydroxysteroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Cyclic alcohols and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Ketones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxosteroids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>12-oxosteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>3-alpha-hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>3-hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>7-hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Cyclic alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Dihydroxy bile acid, alcohol, or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxysteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>Ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxosteroid</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>C24 bile acids, alcohols, and derivatives</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>oxo-5beta-cholanic acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.56</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.98</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>3.05</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>4.39</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-0.51</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(4R)-4-[(1S,2S,5R,7S,9R,10R,11S,14R,15R)-5,9-dihydroxy-2,15-dimethyl-16-oxotetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadecan-14-yl]pentanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>406.5555</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>406.271924326</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>[H][C@@]12CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCC(O)=O)[C@@]1(C)C(=O)C[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])[C@H](O)C[C@]2([H])C[C@H](O)CC[C@]12C</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C24H38O5</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C24H38O5/c1-13(4-7-21(28)29)16-5-6-17-22-18(12-20(27)24(16,17)3)23(2)9-8-15(25)10-14(23)11-19(22)26/h13-19,22,25-26H,4-12H2,1-3H3,(H,28,29)/t13-,14+,15-,16-,17+,18+,19-,22+,23+,24-/m1/s1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>MIHNUBCEFJLAGN-DMMBONCOSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>94.83</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>109.97</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>46.44</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>5</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338908</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338909</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338910</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338911</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338912</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338913</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338914</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338915</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338916</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338917</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338918</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338919</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338920</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338921</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338922</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338923</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338924</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338925</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338926</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>338927</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>311302</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>311303</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>311304</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>356236</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>356237</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>356238</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2289948</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2289949</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2289950</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2649237</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2649238</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2649239</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20338</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37500</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>151298</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060607</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060609</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060611</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060613</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060615</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060617</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060619</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060621</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060623</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060625</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060627</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060629</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060631</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060633</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060634</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060635</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060636</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060637</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060638</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060639</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060641</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1060643</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Gallbladder</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Intestine</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Liver</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB022017</foodb_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chemspider_id>85044</chemspider_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>94235</pubchem_compound_id>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <chebi_id>16312</chebi_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <knapsack_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <metlin_id>5389</metlin_id>
  <synthesis_reference>Fossati Elena; Polentini Fausto; Carrea Giacomo; Riva Sergio  Exploitation of the alcohol dehydrogenase-acetone NADP-regeneration system for the enzymatic preparative-scale production of 12-ketochenodeoxycholic acid.    Biotechnology and bioengineering  (2006),  93(6),  1216-20.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
