<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:30:11 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-11 20:36:57 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0000407</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB00407</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid</name>
  <description/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(S)-(+)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-(+)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-(S)-(+)-butyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyisovalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Oxyisovalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxyisovaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-2-Hydroxyisovaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-alpha-Hydroxyisovaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-(+)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-(+)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-(S)-(+)-butyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyisovaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Oxyisovaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hydroxyisovalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-2-Hydroxyisovalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-a-Hydroxyisovalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-a-Hydroxyisovaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-alpha-Hydroxyisovalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-Α-hydroxyisovalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-Α-hydroxyisovaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C5H10O3</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>118.132</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>118.062994182</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>α-hydroxyisovaleric acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number/>
  <smiles>[H][C@](O)(C(C)C)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C5H10O3/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3-4,6H,1-2H3,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>NGEWQZIDQIYUNV-BYPYZUCNSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxy fatty acids. These are fatty acids in which the chain bears a hydroxyl group.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lipids and lipid-like molecules</super_class>
    <class>Fatty Acyls</class>
    <sub_class>Fatty acids and conjugates</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Hydroxy fatty acids</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha hydroxy acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Methyl-branched fatty acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Secondary alcohols</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Alcohol</substituent>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydroxy acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Branched fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxy acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxy fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Methyl-branched fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Secondary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>(2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Hydroxy fatty acids</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.10</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>0.26</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.42</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>4.14</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-3.9</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(2S)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>118.132</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>118.062994182</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>[H][C@](O)(C(C)C)C(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C5H10O3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C5H10O3/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3-4,6H,1-2H3,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>NGEWQZIDQIYUNV-BYPYZUCNSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>57.53</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>27.84</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>11.78</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>34086</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>48971</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>890053</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>890054</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>890055</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>932257</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>932258</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>932259</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Placenta</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id/>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>853180</pubchem_compound_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id>60631</chebi_id>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <knapsack_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <metlin_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <synthesis_reference>Perekalin, V. V.; Petryaeva, A. K.; Zobacheva, M. M.; Metelkina, E. L.  A new method of synthesis of a-hydroxy and a-oxo acids.    Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR  (1966),  166(5),  1129-31. </synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
