<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:31:31 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-21 16:28:45 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0000491</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB00491</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric acid</name>
  <description/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2-oxo-3-Methyl-N-valeric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-oxo-3-Methylpentanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-oxo-3-Methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-oxo-3-Methylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Oxoisoleucine</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Oxokolavenic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Ethyl-3-methylpyruvic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methyl-N-valeric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-oxo-beta-Methyl-N-valeric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-oxo-beta-Methylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Ketoisoleucine</synonym>
    <synonym>2-oxo-3-Methyl-N-valerate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-oxo-3-Methylpentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Oxokolavenate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Ethyl-3-methylpyruvate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Keto-b-methyl-N-valerate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Keto-b-methyl-N-valeric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methyl-N-valerate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-keto-β-methyl-N-valerate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-keto-β-methyl-N-valeric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Keto-b-methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Keto-b-methylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-keto-β-methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-keto-β-methylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>a-oxo-b-Methyl-N-valerate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-oxo-b-Methyl-N-valeric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-oxo-beta-Methyl-N-valerate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-oxo-β-methyl-N-valerate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-oxo-β-methyl-N-valeric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>a-oxo-b-Methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-oxo-b-Methylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-oxo-beta-Methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-oxo-β-methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-oxo-β-methylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Methyl-2-oxovalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>(3R)-3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(3R)-3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(R)-3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(R)-3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-3-Methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Keto-3-methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Keto-3-methylvaleric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Methyl-2-oxo-pentanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Methyl-2-oxo-pentanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Methyl-2-oxo-valerate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Methyl-2-oxo-valeric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Methyl-2-oxovaleric</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Keto methylvalerate</synonym>
    <synonym>KMVA</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methylvaleric acid, calcium salt, (S)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methylvaleric acid, monosodium salt, (S)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methylvaleric acid, (S)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methylvaleric acid, calcium salt</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methylvaleric acid, sodium salt, (+-)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methylvaleric acid, (+-)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-beta-methylvaleric acid, sodium salt</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C6H10O3</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>130.1418</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>130.062994186</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>1460-34-0</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CCC(C)C(=O)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C6H10O3/c1-3-4(2)5(7)6(8)9/h4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)</inchi>
  <inchikey>JVQYSWDUAOAHFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as short-chain keto acids and derivatives. These are keto acids with an alkyl chain the contains less than 6 carbon atoms.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic acids and derivatives</super_class>
    <class>Keto acids and derivatives</class>
    <sub_class>Short-chain keto acids and derivatives</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Short-chain keto acids and derivatives</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha-hydroxy ketones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha-keto acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Methyl-branched fatty acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydroxy ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-keto acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Branched fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Fatty acyl</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Methyl-branched fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Short-chain keto acid</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>2-oxo monocarboxylic acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
    <property>
      <kind>water_solubility</kind>
      <value>915.5 mg/mL</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.00</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-1.12</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.75</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>3.52</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-9.7</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>130.1418</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>130.062994186</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CCC(C)C(=O)C(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C6H10O3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C6H10O3/c1-3-4(2)5(7)6(8)9/h4H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>JVQYSWDUAOAHFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>54.37</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>31.79</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>13.09</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Valine, Leucine, and Isoleucine Degradation</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0087234</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1392</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302785</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302786</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302787</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302788</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302789</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302790</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302791</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302792</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302793</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302794</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302795</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302796</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302797</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302798</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302799</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302800</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302801</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302802</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302803</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>302804</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>558</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>559</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>560</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>561</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>18742</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30071</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30072</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30327</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30328</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30580</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30581</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37566</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1336</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>710</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>711</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>712</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>307627</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>307628</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>307629</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>351619</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>351620</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>351621</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>438616</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>438689</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Placenta</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Prostate Tissue</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Marcu A, Guo AC, Liang K, Vazquez-Fresno R, Sajed T, Johnson D, Li C, Karu N, Sayeeda Z, Lo E, Assempour N, Berjanskii M, Singhal S, Arndt D, Liang Y, Badran H, Grant J, Serra-Cayuela A, Liu Y, Mandal R, Neveu V, Pon A, Knox C, Wilson M, Manach C, Scalbert A: HMDB 4.0: the human metabolome database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D608-D617. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx1089.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29140435</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <kegg_id>C03465</kegg_id>
  <chemspider_id>46</chemspider_id>
  <foodb_id>FDB021447</foodb_id>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>47</pubchem_compound_id>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <chebi_id>35932</chebi_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <knapsack_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <bigg_id>35662</bigg_id>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <metlin_id>5478</metlin_id>
  <synthesis_reference>Kondo, Shigeo; Sudo, Tetsuji; Ogiwara, Mitsuo; Takeuchi, Hiroshi.  a-Oxo-b-methyl-n-valeric acid and its salts.  Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho  (1979),     3 pp.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP00227</protein_accession>
      <name>Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q5EA40</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>BCAT2</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP00637</protein_accession>
      <name>2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial</name>
      <uniprot_id>P11178</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>BCKDHA</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP00638</protein_accession>
      <name>2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit beta, mitochondrial</name>
      <uniprot_id>P21839</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>BCKDHB</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
