Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-09-30 22:35:17 UTC
Update Date2020-06-04 20:23:42 UTC
BMDB IDBMDB0000710
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • BMDB00710
Metabolite Identification
Common Name4-Hydroxybutyric acid
Description4-Hydroxybutyric acid, also known as 4-hydroxybutanoate or gamma hydroxybutyrate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxy fatty acids. These are fatty acids in which the chain bears a hydroxyl group. 4-Hydroxybutyric acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. 4-Hydroxybutyric acid is a potentially toxic compound.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
3-Carboxypropoxy acidChEBI
4-Hydroxy-butyric acidChEBI
4-Hydroxyalkanoic acidChEBI
4-HydroxybutanoateChEBI
4-Hydroxybutanoic acidChEBI
4-Hydroxycarboxylic acidChEBI
Gamma Hydroxybutyric acidChEBI
gamma-Hydroxybutyric acidChEBI
GHBChEBI
Oxy-N-butyric acidChEBI
XyremChEBI
4-Hydroxy-butyrateGenerator
4-HydroxyalkanoateGenerator
4-HydroxycarboxylateGenerator
g HydroxybutyrateGenerator
g Hydroxybutyric acidGenerator
gamma HydroxybutyrateGenerator
Γ hydroxybutyrateGenerator
Γ hydroxybutyric acidGenerator
g-HydroxybutyrateGenerator
g-Hydroxybutyric acidGenerator
gamma-HydroxybutyrateGenerator
Γ-hydroxybutyrateGenerator
Γ-hydroxybutyric acidGenerator
Oxy-N-butyrateGenerator
4-HydroxybutyrateGenerator
4-Hydroxy-butanoateHMDB
4-Hydroxy-butanoic acidHMDB
4-Hydroxybutyrate sodiumHMDB
4-Hydroxybutyric acid monosodium saltHMDB
gamma-Hydroxy butyrateHMDB
gamma-Hydroxy sodium butyrateHMDB
gamma-Hydroxybutyrate sodiumHMDB
Hydroxybutyric acidHMDB
Chemical FormulaC4H8O3
Average Molecular Weight104.1045
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight104.047344122
IUPAC Name4-hydroxybutanoic acid
Traditional Namegamma hydroxybutyric acid
CAS Registry Number591-81-1
SMILES
OCCCC(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C4H8O3/c5-3-1-2-4(6)7/h5H,1-3H2,(H,6,7)
InChI KeySJZRECIVHVDYJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxy fatty acids. These are fatty acids in which the chain bears a hydroxyl group.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acids and conjugates
Direct ParentHydroxy fatty acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Short-chain hydroxy acid
  • Hydroxy fatty acid
  • Straight chain fatty acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
StatusDetected but not Quantified
Origin
  • Endogenous
  • Exogenous
BiofunctionNot Available
ApplicationNot Available
Cellular locations
  • Adiposome
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-0.63ALOGPS
logP-0.51ChemAxon
logS0.68ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.44ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.4ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area57.53 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity23.8 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability10.17 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Spectra
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)splash10-0159-2920000000-131f94186a93d0aa315dView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0159-2920000000-131f94186a93d0aa315dView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0002-0910000000-7240955b6b16291cf793View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0a5c-9000000000-915d32c0dbd6e6d19a55View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00di-9610000000-52e5254f6eba257ad184View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - QqQ 10V, positivesplash10-14ii-9400000000-77378d9d837f1823ed37View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 0V, negativesplash10-0udi-0900000000-ca02549abb7c7402b481View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 1V, negativesplash10-0udi-0900000000-942af3cd327a2dd39887View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 1V, negativesplash10-0udi-1900000000-671c45f3bda2eabba3c1View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 1V, negativesplash10-0udi-1900000000-36fabc35679210a4621aView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 1V, negativesplash10-0udi-2900000000-146b4ca6698f6c40d476View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 2V, negativesplash10-0udi-4900000000-32e86ae76401d830a8a1View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 2V, negativesplash10-0udi-8900000000-07fc17585cf5e8d2ba9bView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 3V, negativesplash10-0pbi-9400000000-70777a3c6521e72b59b4View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - n/a 7V, negativesplash10-0a4i-9000000000-cad0cc415c906a783cfcView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 3V, negativesplash10-0zg0-9500000000-9dfcd62aeff3ff1e731dView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 3V, negativesplash10-0pb9-9300000000-0e1b3056ef85c0fbe59dView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 3V, negativesplash10-0a4i-9200000000-144d4f05dfc0b2dbd827View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 4V, negativesplash10-0a4i-9100000000-5a807248d180fcc738eeView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 5V, negativesplash10-0a4i-9000000000-aeb70e18a8467ef1b4b1View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 5V, negativesplash10-0a4i-9000000000-50691ede3dffed6a4afbView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 6V, negativesplash10-0a4i-9000000000-13adfaf490932a7c0fb9View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - n/a 7V, negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-3051dc4fe82b4abf5478View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Orbitrap 0V, positivesplash10-0002-0900000000-8f691ae372d6f1d18226View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-9100000000-80636ab7e3cb47d4d58fView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-05n4-9000000000-71899633e269029ab7f9View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-9000000000-910235f5bc92bcca7469View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0udi-8900000000-5890f0a527dd16d9ac75View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0k9i-9200000000-241210fedf9304168090View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4l-9000000000-21d09118dfcfcb093f8dView in MoNA
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-0006-9000000000-d55d971a361b41564681View in MoNA
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, H2O, predicted)Not AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Adiposome
  • Cell membrane
  • Cytoplasm
Biospecimen Locations
  • Liver
  • Mammary Gland
  • Placenta
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
LiverDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
Mammary GlandDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
Mammary GlandDetected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot Specified
Normal
details
PlacentaExpected but not QuantifiedNot QuantifiedNot SpecifiedNot SpecifiedNormal
  • Not Applicable
details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
HMDB IDHMDB0000710
DrugBank IDNot Available
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022196
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID9984
KEGG Compound IDC01991
BioCyc ID4-HYDROXY-BUTYRATE
BiGG IDNot Available
Wikipedia LinkOxybate
METLIN ID5678
PubChem Compound10413
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID30830
References
Synthesis ReferenceTakigawa, Shinichiro; Araya, Shuzo. Process for the preparation of g-hydroxybutyric acid as a synthetic intermediate. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (1988), 3 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General ReferencesNot Available

Enzymes

General function:
Energy production and conversion
Specific function:
Catalyzes the cofactor-independent reversible oxidation of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) to succinic semialdehyde (SSA) coupled to reduction of 2-ketoglutarate (2-KG) to D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG). L-3-hydroxybutyrate (L-3-OHB) is also a substrate for HOT when using 2-KG as hydrogen acceptor, resulting in the formation of D-2-HG (By similarity).
Gene Name:
ADHFE1
Uniprot ID:
A6QP15
Molecular weight:
50343.0