<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 22:47:36 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-21 16:29:03 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0001553</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB01553</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>2-Oxo-4-methylthiobutanoic acid</name>
  <description>4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoate, also known as 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate or 2-oxomethionine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as thia fatty acids. These are fatty acid derivatives obtained by insertion of a sulfur atom at specific positions in the chain. 4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoate is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. 4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoate exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2-Keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-oxo-4-Methylthiobutanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Oxomethionine</synonym>
    <synonym>4-(METHYLsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoIC ACID</synonym>
    <synonym>4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-oxo-gamma-Methylthiobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>4-(Methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Keto-4-methylthiobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>4-(METHYLsulphanyl)-2-oxobutanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>4-(METHYLsulphanyl)-2-oxobutanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>4-Methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>a-oxo-g-Methylthiobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>a-oxo-g-Methylthiobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-oxo-gamma-Methylthiobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-oxo-γ-methylthiobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-oxo-γ-methylthiobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Ketomethiobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>4-Methylthio-2-ketobutanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>4-Methylthio-2-ketobutanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>4-Methylthio-2-ketobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>4-Methylthio-2-oxobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-methiolbutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Keto-4-methylthiobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>Ketomethiobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>Ketomethiobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>KMTB</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylthiobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>Methylthiobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Keto-4-methylthiobutanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Keto-4-thiomethylbutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-oxo-4-Thiomethylbutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Keto-gamma-methiolbutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Ketomethionine</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Oxomethionine</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid, monosodium salt</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Ketothiomethylbutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>4-Methylthio-2-oxobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>S-Methyl-alpha-ketobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid, calcium salt</synonym>
    <synonym>4-Methylthio-2-ketobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>gamma-Methiol-keto-butyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>4-Methylmercapto-2-oxobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-oxo-4-Methylthiobutanoic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C5H8O3S</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>148.18</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>148.019414812</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>2-oxo-4-thiomethylbutyric acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>583-92-6</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CSCCC(=O)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C5H8O3S/c1-9-3-2-4(6)5(7)8/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,7,8)</inchi>
  <inchikey>SXFSQZDSUWACKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as thia fatty acids. These are fatty acid derivatives obtained by insertion of a sulfur atom at specific positions in the chain.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lipids and lipid-like molecules</super_class>
    <class>Fatty Acyls</class>
    <sub_class>Fatty acids and conjugates</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Thia fatty acids</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha-hydroxy ketones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Alpha-keto acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Dialkylthioethers</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Short-chain keto acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Sulfenyl compounds</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-hydroxy ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Alpha-keto acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Dialkylthioether</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Keto acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Ketone</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organosulfur compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Short-chain keto acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Sulfenyl compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Thia fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Thioether</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>2-oxo monocarboxylic acid</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Oxo fatty acids</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Oxo fatty acids</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>sulfur-containing carboxylic acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-0.07</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-1.30</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.12</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>3.3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-9.7</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>148.18</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>148.019414812</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CSCCC(=O)C(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C5H8O3S</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C5H8O3S/c1-9-3-2-4(6)5(7)8/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,7,8)</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>SXFSQZDSUWACKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>54.37</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>35.07</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>14.21</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Methionine Metabolism</name>
      <smpdb_id>SMP0087249</smpdb_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>1338</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>1339</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>1340</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1115</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1139</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2697</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31345</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31346</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>38123</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>146627</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20498</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20499</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20500</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22049</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22050</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22051</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1470857</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1471159</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1471182</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472500</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472501</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472502</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472503</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472504</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472505</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472506</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472507</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472508</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472509</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472510</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472511</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1472512</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1477520</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1477521</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1477522</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148180</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148181</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148182</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148183</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148184</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148185</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148186</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148187</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148188</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148189</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148190</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148191</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148192</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148193</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148194</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148195</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148196</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148197</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148198</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>148199</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>23438684</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Milk from Friesuan Holstein cows (n=1035)</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>23438684</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <kegg_id>C01180</kegg_id>
  <drugbank_id>DB02238</drugbank_id>
  <foodb_id>FDB030353</foodb_id>
  <chemspider_id>460</chemspider_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>473</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chebi_id>33574</chebi_id>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id>CPD-479</meta_cyc_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <knapsack_id>C00007474</knapsack_id>
  <bigg_id>228408</bigg_id>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <metlin_id>6319</metlin_id>
  <synthesis_reference>Brodelius, P.; Hagerdal, B.; Mosbach, K.  Immobilized whole cells of the yeast Trigonopsis variabilis containing D-amino acid oxidase for the production of a-keto acids.    Enzyme Engineering  (1980),  5  383-7.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>23438684</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
    <protein>
      <protein_accession>BMDBP02848</protein_accession>
      <name>Interleukin 4 induced 1</name>
      <uniprot_id>F1N191</uniprot_id>
      <gene_name>IL4I1</gene_name>
      <protein_type>Enzyme</protein_type>
    </protein>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
