<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 23:18:43 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-05-05 18:38:19 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0005800</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB05800</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Luteolin</name>
  <description/>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-benzopyrone</synonym>
    <synonym>2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one</synonym>
    <synonym>3',4',5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone</synonym>
    <synonym>5,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavone</synonym>
    <synonym>Digitoflavone</synonym>
    <synonym>Flacitran</synonym>
    <synonym>Luteolol</synonym>
    <synonym>Salifazide</synonym>
    <synonym>2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-benzopyrone-4-one</synonym>
    <synonym>2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one</synonym>
    <synonym>Luteoline</synonym>
    <synonym>3',4',5,7-Tetrahydroxy-flavone</synonym>
    <synonym>2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-benzopyran-4-one</synonym>
    <synonym>3’,4’,5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone</synonym>
    <synonym>5,7,3’,4’-Tetrahydroxyflavone</synonym>
    <synonym>Cyanidenon</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C15H10O6</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>286.2363</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>286.047738052</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>luteolin</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>491-70-3</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC1=CC2=C(C(O)=C1)C(=O)C=C(O2)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C15H10O6/c16-8-4-11(19)15-12(20)6-13(21-14(15)5-8)7-1-2-9(17)10(18)3-7/h1-6,16-19H</inchi>
  <inchikey>IQPNAANSBPBGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as flavones. These are flavonoids with a structure based on the backbone of 2-phenylchromen-4-one (2-phenyl-1-benzopyran-4-one).</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Phenylpropanoids and polyketides</super_class>
    <class>Flavonoids</class>
    <sub_class>Flavones</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Flavones</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>3'-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>4'-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>5-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>7-hydroxyflavonoids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Benzene and substituted derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Catechols</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Chromones</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Heteroaromatic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organooxygen compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Oxacyclic compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Pyranones and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Vinylogous acids</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>1-benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>3'-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>4'-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>5-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>7-hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzenoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Benzopyran</substituent>
      <substituent>Catechol</substituent>
      <substituent>Chromone</substituent>
      <substituent>Flavone</substituent>
      <substituent>Heteroaromatic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydroxyflavonoid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocyclic benzene moiety</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organoheterocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Oxacycle</substituent>
      <substituent>Phenol</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyran</substituent>
      <substituent>Pyranone</substituent>
      <substituent>Vinylogous acid</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>3'-hydroxyflavonoid</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Flavones and Flavonols</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>Flavones and Flavonols</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>flavones</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>tetrahydroxyflavone</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>329.5 °C</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.53</value>
      <source>PERRISSOUD,D &amp; TESTA,B (1986)</source>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.73</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-3.32</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>6.57</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-5.4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>286.2363</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>286.047738052</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>OC1=CC2=C(C(O)=C1)C(=O)C=C(O2)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C15H10O6</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C15H10O6/c16-8-4-11(19)15-12(20)6-13(21-14(15)5-8)7-1-2-9(17)10(18)3-7/h1-6,16-19H</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>IQPNAANSBPBGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>107.22</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>74.89</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>27.73</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>6</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>4</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1962</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>2027</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2232</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2273</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6007</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31529</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31530</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31956</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>38895</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>133465</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>141199</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6434</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6435</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6436</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6437</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6438</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6439</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6440</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6441</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6442</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>6443</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20306</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20307</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20308</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21857</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21858</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21859</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285621</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285622</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>373672</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>373673</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>374043</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>374064</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>438947</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439138</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439139</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Liver</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>8 multiparous Chinese Holstein dairy cows fed in the Hangzhou Hangjiang Dairy Farm based on the milk production under corn stover based diets. Detection used gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) platform.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Sun HZ, Zhou M, Wang O, Chen Y, Liu JX, Guan LL: Multi-omics reveals functional genomic and metabolic mechanisms of milk production and quality in dairy cows. Bioinformatics. 2020 Apr 15;36(8):2530-2537. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz951.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>31873721</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Liver</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>8 multiparous Chinese Holstein dairy cows fed in the Hangzhou Hangjiang Dairy Farm based on the milk production under alfalfa hay based diets. Detection used gas chromatography time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) platform.</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Sun HZ, Zhou M, Wang O, Chen Y, Liu JX, Guan LL: Multi-omics reveals functional genomic and metabolic mechanisms of milk production and quality in dairy cows. Bioinformatics. 2020 Apr 15;36(8):2530-2537. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz951.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>31873721</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB013255</foodb_id>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <chemspider_id>4444102</chemspider_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id>229</phenol_explorer_compound_id>
  <kegg_id>C01514</kegg_id>
  <knapsack_id>C00000674</knapsack_id>
  <chebi_id>15864</chebi_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>5280445</pubchem_compound_id>
  <pdbe_id>LU2</pdbe_id>
  <meta_cyc_id>5734-TETRAHYDROXYFLAVONE</meta_cyc_id>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id>Luteolin</wikipedia_id>
  <metlin_id/>
  <synthesis_reference>Hutchins, W. A.; Wheeler, T. S.  Chalcones: A new synthesis of chrysin, apigenin and luteolin.    Journal of the Chemical Society  (1939),     91-4.</synthesis_reference>
  <general_references>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
