<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-09-30 23:19:33 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-06-04 18:59:19 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0006006</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB06006</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Isobutanol</name>
  <description>Isobutanol, also known as isobutyl alcohol or 2-methylpropanol, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary alcohols. Primary alcohols are compounds comprising the primary alcohol functional group, with the general structure RCOH (R=alkyl, aryl). Thus, isobutanol is considered to be a fatty alcohol lipid molecule. Isobutanol exists as a solid, very hydrophobic, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral molecule. Isobutanol exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>1-Hydroxymethylpropane</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Methyl-1-propanol</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Methylpropanol</synonym>
    <synonym>I-butanol</synonym>
    <synonym>I-butyl alcohol</synonym>
    <synonym>IBA</synonym>
    <synonym>Iso-butyl alcohol</synonym>
    <synonym>Iso-C4H9OH</synonym>
    <synonym>Isobutyl alcohol</synonym>
    <synonym>Isobutylalkohol</synonym>
    <synonym>Isopropylcarbinol</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Methyl propanol</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Methyl-1-propanyl alcohol</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Methylpropan-1-ol</synonym>
    <synonym>2-MethylpropanoI</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Methylpropanol-1</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Methylpropyl alcohol</synonym>
    <synonym>Alcool isobutylique</synonym>
    <synonym>Isopropyl carbitol</synonym>
    <synonym>Methyl-2 propanol-1</synonym>
    <synonym>Isobutyl alcohol, aluminum salt</synonym>
    <synonym>Isobutyl alcohol, sodium salt</synonym>
    <synonym>Isobutyl alcohol, titanium (+4) salt</synonym>
    <synonym>Isobutanol</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C4H10O</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>74.1216</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>74.073164942</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>2-methylpropan-1-ol</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>isobutanol</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>78-83-1</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CC(C)CO</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-4(2)3-5/h4-5H,3H2,1-2H3</inchi>
  <inchikey>ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary alcohols. Primary alcohols are compounds comprising the primary alcohol functional group, with the general structure RCOH (R=alkyl, aryl).</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organic oxygen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Organooxygen compounds</class>
    <sub_class>Alcohols and polyols</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Primary alcohols</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Primary alcohol</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>Fatty alcohols</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>a small molecule</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>alkyl alcohol</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>primary alcohol</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Liquid</state>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>-108 °C</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>water_solubility</kind>
      <value>85 mg/mL at 25 °C</value>
      <source/>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.76</value>
      <source>HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)</source>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.60</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>0.28</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.73</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>17.33</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
      <value>-1.8</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>2-methylpropan-1-ol</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>74.1216</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>74.073164942</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CC(C)CO</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C4H10O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-4(2)3-5/h4-5H,3H2,1-2H3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>20.23</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>22.01</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>9.07</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>3292</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>26820</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>26961</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>28645</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>38930</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>99916</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>99917</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>99918</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>133904</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>141638</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::EiMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1663</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>2329</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>2330</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsIr</type>
      <spectrum_id>2331</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20228</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20229</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20230</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21779</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21780</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21781</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2800879</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2800880</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2800881</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2877248</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2877249</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2877250</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>3982</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>4266</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246968</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246969</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246970</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246971</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246972</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246973</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246974</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246975</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246976</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246977</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246978</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246979</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246980</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246981</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246982</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246983</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246984</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246985</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246986</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246987</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.000695 +/- 0.000417</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>In raw milk samples for diets based on grass silage</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Toso B, Procida G, Stefanon B: Determination of volatile compounds in cows' milk using headspace GC-MS. J Dairy Res. 2002 Nov;69(4):569-77.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>12463694</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.00111 +/- 0.00167</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>In raw milk samples for diets based on maize silage</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Toso B, Procida G, Stefanon B: Determination of volatile compounds in cows' milk using headspace GC-MS. J Dairy Res. 2002 Nov;69(4):569-77.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>12463694</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.00764 +/- 0.0124</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>In raw milk samples for diets based on hay</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Toso B, Procida G, Stefanon B: Determination of volatile compounds in cows' milk using headspace GC-MS. J Dairy Res. 2002 Nov;69(4):569-77.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>12463694</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id>FDB003274</foodb_id>
  <chemspider_id>6312</chemspider_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>6560</pubchem_compound_id>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <kegg_id>C14710</kegg_id>
  <chebi_id>46645</chebi_id>
  <knapsack_id>C00050470</knapsack_id>
  <meta_cyc_id>ISOBUTANOL</meta_cyc_id>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id>Isobutanol</wikipedia_id>
  <metlin_id/>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Toso B, Procida G, Stefanon B: Determination of volatile compounds in cows' milk using headspace GC-MS. J Dairy Res. 2002 Nov;69(4):569-77.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>12463694</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
