<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2016-10-03 18:36:15 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-04-22 15:49:41 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0012328</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB12328</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>Palmitelaidic acid</name>
  <description>Palmitelaidic acid, also known as trans-palmitoleate or (9E)-9-hexadecenoate, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms. Palmitelaidic acid is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(9E)-Hexadecenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(e)-9-Hexadecenoicacid</synonym>
    <synonym>9-trans-Hexadecenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>t-16:1D9</synonym>
    <synonym>t-9-Hexadecenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>trans-9-Hexadecenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>trans-Delta(9)-Hexadecenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>trans-Palmitoleic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(9E)-Hexadecenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>9-trans-Hexadecenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>t-9-Hexadecenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>trans-9-Hexadecenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>trans-delta(9)-Hexadecenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>trans-Δ(9)-hexadecenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>trans-Δ(9)-hexadecenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>trans-Palmitoleate</synonym>
    <synonym>Palmitelaidate</synonym>
    <synonym>Palmitoleic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Palmitoleic acid, (Z)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>Palmitoleic acid, sodium salt, (Z)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>C16:1 trans-9</synonym>
    <synonym>Palmitoleate</synonym>
    <synonym>Palmitoleic acid, (e)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>Palmitoleic acid, potassium salt, (Z)-isomer</synonym>
    <synonym>(9E)-9-Hexadecenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(9E)-9-Hexadecenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(e)-9-Hexadecenoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(e)-9-Hexadecenoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(e)-Hexadec-9-enoate</synonym>
    <synonym>(e)-Hexadec-9-enoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>trans-9-Palmitoleate</synonym>
    <synonym>Palmitelaidic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C16H30O2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>254.4082</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>254.224580204</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(9E)-hexadec-9-enoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>trans-palmitoleic acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>10030-73-6</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C16H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h7-8H,2-6,9-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)/b8-7+</inchi>
  <inchikey>SECPZKHBENQXJG-BQYQJAHWSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 13 and 21 carbon atoms.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Lipids and lipid-like molecules</super_class>
    <class>Fatty Acyls</class>
    <sub_class>Fatty acids and conjugates</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Long-chain fatty acids</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Carbonyl compounds</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Carboxylic acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organic oxides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Straight chain fatty acids</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Unsaturated fatty acids</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic acyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Carbonyl group</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Carboxylic acid derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Long-chain fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxide</substituent>
      <substituent>Organic oxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Organooxygen compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Straight chain fatty acid</substituent>
      <substituent>Unsaturated fatty acid</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic acyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>Unsaturated fatty acids</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>long-chain fatty acid</external_descriptor>
      <external_descriptor>monounsaturated fatty acid</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state>Solid</state>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>6.71</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-5.76</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>5.89</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
      <value>4.99</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(9E)-hexadec-9-enoic acid</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>254.4082</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>254.224580204</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>CCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C16H30O2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C16H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h7-8H,2-6,9-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)/b8-7+</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>SECPZKHBENQXJG-BQYQJAHWSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>37.3</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>78.2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>33.37</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>13</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>2</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>-1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>23280</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>39917</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>166448</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102537</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102538</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>102539</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>168375</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>168376</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>168377</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285932</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285933</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285934</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>285935</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>374014</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>374015</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>374016</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>374017</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>374018</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>440480</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>440481</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>440482</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2236070</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2237297</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2238173</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2239418</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2240286</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2241406</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2242401</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Raw milk. Meta-Analysis</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Glasser F, Ferlay A, Chilliard Y: Oilseed lipid supplements and fatty acid composition of cow milk: a meta-analysis. J Dairy Sci. 2008 Dec;91(12):4687-703. doi: 10.3168/jds.2008-0987.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>19038946</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Raw milk, by NMR and GC-MS</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>van Gastelen S, Antunes-Fernandes EC, Hettinga KA, Dijkstra J: Relationships between methane emission of Holstein Friesian dairy cows and fatty acids, volatile metabolites and non-volatile metabolites in milk. Animal. 2017 Sep;11(9):1539-1548. doi: 10.1017/S1751731117000295. Epub 2017 Feb 21.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>28219465</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value/>
      <concentration_units/>
      <comment>Pasteurized milk with 3.9% fat, organic, by GC-FID</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Trimigno A, Munger L, Picone G, Freiburghaus C, Pimentel G, Vionnet N, Pralong F, Capozzi F, Badertscher R, Vergeres G: GC-MS Based Metabolomics and NMR Spectroscopy Investigation of Food Intake Biomarkers for Milk and Cheese in Serum of Healthy Humans. Metabolites. 2018 Mar 23;8(2). pii: metabo8020026. doi: 10.3390/metabo8020026.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>29570652</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <chemspider_id>4445872</chemspider_id>
  <foodb_id>FDB028947</foodb_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>5282745</pubchem_compound_id>
  <knapsack_id>C00052377</knapsack_id>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <chebi_id>59265</chebi_id>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <bigg_id/>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <metlin_id/>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Trimigno A, Munger L, Picone G, Freiburghaus C, Pimentel G, Vionnet N, Pralong F, Capozzi F, Badertscher R, Vergeres G: GC-MS Based Metabolomics and NMR Spectroscopy Investigation of Food Intake Biomarkers for Milk and Cheese in Serum of Healthy Humans. Metabolites. 2018 Mar 23;8(2). pii: metabo8020026. doi: 10.3390/metabo8020026.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>29570652</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>van Gastelen S, Antunes-Fernandes EC, Hettinga KA, Dijkstra J: Relationships between methane emission of Holstein Friesian dairy cows and fatty acids, volatile metabolites and non-volatile metabolites in milk. Animal. 2017 Sep;11(9):1539-1548. doi: 10.1017/S1751731117000295. Epub 2017 Feb 21.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>28219465</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Glasser F, Ferlay A, Chilliard Y: Oilseed lipid supplements and fatty acid composition of cow milk: a meta-analysis. J Dairy Sci. 2008 Dec;91(12):4687-703. doi: 10.3168/jds.2008-0987.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>19038946</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
