<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metabolite>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <creation_date>2018-10-03 16:32:33 UTC</creation_date>
  <update_date>2020-06-04 18:57:10 UTC</update_date>
  <accession>BMDB0063602</accession>
  <secondary_accessions>
    <accession>BMDB63602</accession>
  </secondary_accessions>
  <name>alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane(HCH)</name>
  <description>α-Hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) is an organochloride which is one of the isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). It is a byproduct of the production of the insecticide lindane (γ-HCH) and it is typically still contained in commercial grade lindane used as insecticide. Lindane, however, has not been produced or used in the United States for more than 20 years. At ambient temperatures it is a stable, white, powdery solid substance. As of 2009, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants classified (α-HCH) and (β-HCH) as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), due to the chemical's ability to persistence in the environment, bioaccumulative, biomagnifying, and long-range transport capacity.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>alpha-HCH</synonym>
    <synonym>1alpha,2alpha,3beta,4alpha,5beta,6beta-Hexachlorocyclohexane</synonym>
    <synonym>alpha-Lindane</synonym>
    <synonym>a-HCH</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-HCH</synonym>
    <synonym>1a,2a,3b,4a,5b,6b-Hexachlorocyclohexane</synonym>
    <synonym>1Α,2α,3β,4α,5β,6β-hexachlorocyclohexane</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Lindane</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-lindane</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hexachlorocyclohexane</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-hexachlorocyclohexane</synonym>
    <synonym>a-Hexachlorocyclohexane(HCH)</synonym>
    <synonym>Α-hexachlorocyclohexane(HCH)</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C6H6Cl6</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>290.81</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>287.8600664</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(1R,2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>α-hexachlorocyclohexane</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>319-84-6</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>[H][C@]1(Cl)[C@@]([H])(Cl)[C@]([H])(Cl)[C@]([H])(Cl)[C@@]([H])(Cl)[C@]1([H])Cl</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C6H6Cl6/c7-1-2(8)4(10)6(12)5(11)3(1)9/h1-6H/t1-,2-,3-,4-,5+,6+/m0/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-LKPKBOIGSA-N</inchikey>
  <taxonomy>
    <description> belongs to the class of organic compounds known as cyclohexyl halides. These are organohalogen compounds containing a monocyclic cyclohexane moiety that is substituted at one or more positions by an halogen atom.</description>
    <kingdom>Organic compounds</kingdom>
    <super_class>Organohalogen compounds</super_class>
    <class>Alkyl halides</class>
    <sub_class>Cyclohexyl halides</sub_class>
    <direct_parent>Cyclohexyl halides</direct_parent>
    <alternative_parents>
      <alternative_parent>Alkyl chlorides</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Hydrocarbon derivatives</alternative_parent>
      <alternative_parent>Organochlorides</alternative_parent>
    </alternative_parents>
    <substituents>
      <substituent>Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound</substituent>
      <substituent>Alkyl chloride</substituent>
      <substituent>Cyclohexyl halide</substituent>
      <substituent>Hydrocarbon derivative</substituent>
      <substituent>Organochloride</substituent>
    </substituents>
    <molecular_framework>Aliphatic homomonocyclic compounds</molecular_framework>
    <external_descriptors>
      <external_descriptor>Organochlorine pesticides</external_descriptor>
    </external_descriptors>
  </taxonomy>
  <experimental_properties>
    <state/>
  </experimental_properties>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>3.94</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-4.73</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>4.35</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>iupac</kind>
      <value>(1R,2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>average_mass</kind>
      <value>290.81</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mono_mass</kind>
      <value>287.8600664</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>smiles</kind>
      <value>[H][C@]1(Cl)[C@@]([H])(Cl)[C@]([H])(Cl)[C@]([H])(Cl)[C@@]([H])(Cl)[C@]1([H])Cl</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formula</kind>
      <value>C6H6Cl6</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchi</kind>
      <value>InChI=1S/C6H6Cl6/c7-1-2(8)4(10)6(12)5(11)3(1)9/h1-6H/t1-,2-,3-,4-,5+,6+/m0/s1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>inchikey</kind>
      <value>JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-LKPKBOIGSA-N</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>refractivity</kind>
      <value>54.08</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>polarizability</kind>
      <value>22.97</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>donor_count</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>formal_charge</kind>
      <value>0</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>number_of_rings</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>bioavailability</kind>
      <value>1</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>rule_of_five</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>ghose_filter</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>veber_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>mddr_like_rule</kind>
      <value>Yes</value>
      <source>ChemAxon</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1313761</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1313762</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1313763</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1428238</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1428239</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1428240</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <normal_concentrations>
    <concentration>
      <biospecimen>Milk</biospecimen>
      <concentration_value>0.0199 +/- 0.0554</concentration_value>
      <concentration_units>uM</concentration_units>
      <comment>Raw bovine milk from Haryana (n=147)</comment>
      <references>
        <reference>
          <reference_text>Sharma HR, Kaushik A, Kaushik CP: Pesticide residues in bovine milk from a predominantly agricultural state of Haryana, India. Environ Monit Assess. 2007 Jun;129(1-3):349-57. doi: 10.1007/s10661-006-9368-5. Epub 2006 Dec 16.</reference_text>
          <pubmed_id>17180431</pubmed_id>
        </reference>
      </references>
    </concentration>
  </normal_concentrations>
  <foodb_id/>
  <chemspider_id>16740741</chemspider_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <kegg_id>C15214</kegg_id>
  <chebi_id/>
  <drugbank_id/>
  <phenol_explorer_compound_id/>
  <meta_cyc_id/>
  <wikipedia_id/>
  <knapsack_id>C00061403</knapsack_id>
  <bigg_id/>
  <metlin_id/>
  <pdbe_id/>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Sharma HR, Kaushik A, Kaushik CP: Pesticide residues in bovine milk from a predominantly agricultural state of Haryana, India. Environ Monit Assess. 2007 Jun;129(1-3):349-57. doi: 10.1007/s10661-006-9368-5. Epub 2006 Dec 16.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>17180431</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <protein_associations>
  </protein_associations>
</metabolite>
